Every year, the Chiari & Syringomyelia Foundation hosts a Research Colloquium that dives deeper into a specific issue related to Chiari malformation, syringomyelia and other disorders of cerebrospinal fluid. This book represents a written collection of the in-person presentations and discussions from the 2016 Research Colloquium that explored the connections between Chiari malformation, CSF disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Note: Since the original version of this book was published, the Chiari & Syringomyelia Foundation was renamed the Bobby Jones Chiari & Syringomyelia Foundation; the mission of the organization has not changed.