The Journal of MacroTrends in Technology and Innovation JMTI (ISSN 2333-1011 ISSN Online 2333-102x) aims to publish high quality articles discussing the broader trends in academic research and applied practical developments related to all areas of technology and innovation. The target audience for JMTI includes the academic scholars, as well as practitioners, in the field of technology, computing, engineering, biotechnology, networking, nanotechnology, robotics, computer applications, Internet, space technology, design, image processing, and other areas of technology and innovation. The scope of JMTI also extends to a multidisciplinary understanding of the technology and innovation related to the areas such as finance and investments, economy, demography, culture, and others.