A just and sustainable peace for Syria can only be attained through the equal participation of womenÕs rights defenders at the negotiation table and throughout the transitional process. Understanding the legal framework within which such participation takes place Ð and the challenges of promoting womenÕs rights through a gender-responsive constitution Ð is crucial. This publication, resulting from a collaboration between Euromed Feminist Initiative and the University of Padova, builds on the knowledge of academics and advocates, shedding new insights on those challenges. It aims at supporting institutional efforts being made to guarantee womenÕs participation in the Syrian reconstruction, as well as advocacy initiatives carried out to ensure womenÕs participation in political and economic decision-making in the countryÕs future.