There is a need for the United States to move the debate over the challenge China presents us beyond the dispositions of the attention grabbing advocates: the rationalizers who explain Chinese actions in benign terms with their own political or academic motives, or the denigrators, who are ÒThe Chinese Are ComingÓ schoolÑto wit: China is belligerent, a threat, in short, a monster. It is increasingly important for Americans to think carefully about the vast complexities of the U.S.-China relationship, and the calculations that go into forming courses of action. The Chinese have to consider some of the same realities we do when planning military actions and strategy. The key question is: will ChinaÕs so-called first priority of economic development and its resulting influence on domestic social stability curtail ChinaÕs continuing reliance on military force as a means of exerting its influence?