Economic dualism is an economic theory based on the premise that all individuals should be able to fulfill their needs through non-exploitative processes. Dualism is not utopian in that it neither purports to nor intends to solve all problems. Furthermore, it is a structure in which individuals can only benefit proportionally to the effort they input. Nevertheless, it is a structure in which individuals can fulfill their needs in the absence of exploitation, and it provides all of the freedoms that capitalist markets only purport to provide.